The Inefficient Markets Hypothesis: Why Financial Markets Do Not Work Well in the Real World

Roger E.A. Farmer (1) , Carine Nourry (2, 3) , Alain Venditti (2, 4)

1 UCLA Economics
2 GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille
3 IUF - Institut universitaire de France
4 EDHEC Business School

Existing literature continues to be unable to offer a convincing explanation for the volatility of the stochastic discount factor in real world data. Our work provides such an explanation. We do not rely on frictions, market incompleteness or transactions costs of any kind. Instead, we modify a simple stochastic representative agent model by allowing for birth and death and by allowing for heterogeneity in agents' discount factors. We show that these two minor and realistic changes to the timeless Arrow-Debreu paradigm are sufficient to invalidate the implication that competitive financial markets efficiently allocate risk. Our work demonstrates that financial markets, by their very nature, cannot be Pareto efficient, except by chance. Although individuals in our model are rational; markets are not.

Mots clés: sunspots; extrinsic uncertainty; excess volatility; inefficient markets; heterogeneous agents; overlapping generations

Domaines: Economies et finances

Roger E.A. Farmer, Carine Nourry, Alain Venditti. The Inefficient Markets Hypothesis: Why Financial Markets Do Not Work Well in the Real World. 2013. ⟨halshs-00796672⟩