Format du dépôt |
Fichier |
Type de dépôt |
Chapitre d'ouvrage |
Titre |
en
The multidisciplinary approach (archaeology and archaeometry) to bloomsmithing activities in France: examples of results from the last twenty years
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Résumé |
en
Over the last twenty years, archaeological and archaeometrical research implemented in France has made it possible to define the various stages of the chaîne opératoire in iron and steelmaking as well as the indicators that are linked to them (archaeological structures, wastes). These studies reveal that the chaîne opératoire may (or may not) split in space and time, but may also contain varying degrees of intensity (mini-maxi production). This implies that the production sites can be from different natures: they may include partial or complete chaîne opératoire, and are part of a social context (e.g., rural, urban, specialized, or domestic craft). The relationships within the chaîne opératoire create links between the sites and form a technological, economic, and social network through trade in semi-finished and manufactured products. The evolution of these networks must be studied by taking into account the cultural and political contexts of each period to draw up a coherent understanding of this organization. The determination of site activities (smelting, refining, elaboration, consumption, recycling), as well as intensity, allow a dynamic cartography of these activities, both synchronic and diachronic, to be realized. The physicochemical linkages between the ore, the smelting slag, the post-smelting slag, and the metal produced make possible an eventual understanding of the connection between sites that are part of the same exchange network. This in turn reflects the regional development of metallurgical organization and the trade in iron semi-products and manufactured goods. The typological attribution (morphology, level of impurities, iron/carbon composition, phosphorus contents, etc) of semi-products worked on the forging sites also makes it possible to refine the vision of what circulate and of what the sites acquire. Thus, an archaeological and historical study of these data can structure the relative image we have of these relations in the various periods.
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Auteur(s)
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Philippe Fluzin
1, 2
, Sylvain Bauvais
1, 3, 2, 4
, Marion Berranger
1, 2
, Gaspard Pagès
1, 5
, Philippe Dillmann
1, 6
1
IRAMAT -
Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux
( 42827 )
- Univ.de Techno.Belfort Montbél. Rue du Château 90010 BELFORT CEDEX
- France
-
Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard UMR 5060 ( 300261 )
;
-
Université d'Orléans UMR 5060 ( 300297 )
;
-
Université Bordeaux Montaigne UMR 5060 ( 412629 )
;
-
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5060 ( 441569 )
2
IRAMAT - LMC -
IRAMAT - Laboratoire Métallurgies et Cultures
( 470345 )
- France
-
Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux ( 42827 )
;
-
Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard UMR 5060 ( 300261 )
;
-
Université d'Orléans UMR 5060 ( 300297 )
;
-
Université Bordeaux Montaigne UMR 5060 ( 412629 )
;
-
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5060 ( 441569 )
3
LAPA - UMR 3685 -
Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération
( 134426 )
- LAPA, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91190 Gif sur Yvette
- France
-
Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) ( 247331 )
;
-
Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (DRF) DRF/IRAMIS ( 53953 )
;
-
Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( 300016 )
;
-
Université Paris-Saclay ( 419361 )
;
-
Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie ( 341038 )
;
-
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3685 ( 441569 )
4
CNRS -
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
( 441569 )
- France
5
ASM -
Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes
( 86793 )
- Route de Mende
Université Paul Valéry-Montpellier 3
34199 MONTPELLIER Cedex
- France
-
Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 ( 42812 )
;
-
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5140 ( 441569 )
;
-
Ministère de la Culture ( 542949 )
6
SIS2M UMR 3299 -
Service Interdisciplinaire sur les Systèmes Moléculaires et les Matériaux (ex SCM)
( 182701 )
- SIS2M, DSM/IRAMIS, F-91191 GIF-SUR-YVETTE CEDEX
- France
-
Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives DSM/IRAMIS ( 300016 )
;
-
Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie ( 341038 )
;
-
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3299 ( 441569 )
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Date de publication |
2011
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Page/Identifiant |
p. 223-236, 311-312
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Langue du document |
Anglais
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Titre de l'ouvrage |
The archaeometallurgy of iron - Recent Developments in Archaeological and Scientific Research - Dedicated to Professor Rodomir Pleiner
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Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Audience |
Non spécifiée
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Éditeur scientifique |
-
J. HOŠEK, H. CLEERE and L. MIHOK
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Éditeur commercial |
-
Institute of Archaeoology of the ASCR, Prague
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Domaine(s) |
-
Sciences de l'Homme et Société/Archéologie et Préhistoire
-
Sciences de l'ingénieur [physics]/Matériaux
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Mots-clés |
fr
chaine opératoire, iron, metallographic and chemical analysis, France
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