Gaining a better understanding of online polarization by approaching it as a dynamic process

Celina Treuillier (1) , Sylvain Castagnos (1) , Christèle Lagier (2, 3) , Armelle Brun (1)

1 BIRD - Building artificial Intelligence between trust, Responsibility and Decision
2 AU - Avignon Université
3 •JPEG - Laboratoire des sciences Juridiques, Politique, Economiques et de Gestion

Polarization is often a cliché, its conceptualization remains approximate and no consensus has been reached so far. Often simply seen as an inevitable result of the use of social networks, polarization nevertheless remains a complex social phenomenon that must be placed in a wider context. To contribute to a better understanding of polarization, we approach it as an evolving process, drawing on a dual expertise in political and data sciences. We compare the polarization process between one mature debate (COVID-19 vaccine) and one emerging debate (Ukraine conflict) at the time of data collection. Both debates are studied on Twitter users, a highly politicized population, and on the French population to provide key elements beyond the traditional US context. This unprecedented analysis confirms that polarization varies over time, through a succession of specific periods, whose existence and duration depend on the maturity of the debate. Importantly, we highlight that polarization is paced by context-related events. Bearing this in mind, we pave the way for a new generation of personalized depolarization strategies, adapted to the context and maturity of debates.

Domaines: Réseaux sociaux et d'information [cs.SI]; Sciences de l'Homme et Société

Celina Treuillier, Sylvain Castagnos, Christèle Lagier, Armelle Brun. Gaining a better understanding of online polarization by approaching it as a dynamic process. Scientific Reports, 2024, ⟨10.48550/arXiv.2309.10423⟩. ⟨hal-04208351v2⟩