Afghan Bactria
Résumé
This chapter provides an updated overview of the research conducted on Afghan Hellenistic Bactria. After recalling the operations undertaken by Alexander the Great south to the Oxus, we focus on the results of the excavations carried out in Ai Khanoum and Bactria, the main centres of Greek power at that time. We focus then on agricultural enhancement, both in eastern and western Bactria. The territories located near Ai Khanoum underwent the most significant expansion during the Graeco-Bactrian period, as evidenced by population growth, the development of a dispersed habitation and the extension of irrigated areas through canals requiring high technical knowledge. Finally, the network of fortresses built along the main communication routes, both along the Amu Darya River and the inland routes, is described.