F. Ahmed, N. E. Ahmed, C. Pissarides, and J. Stiglitz, Why inequality could spread COVID-19. The Lancet Public Health, vol.5, p.240, 2020.

A. S. Barratt, K. M. Rich, J. I. Eze, T. Porphyre, G. J. Gunn et al., Framework for estimating indirect costs in animal health using time series analysis, Frontiers in Veterinary Science, vol.6, p.190, 2019.

M. A. Barrett and S. A. Osofsky, One Health: interdependence of people, other species, and the planet, Jekel's Epidemiology, 2013.

C. Batavia and M. P. Nelson, For goodness sake! What is intrinsic value and why should we care, Biological Conservation, vol.209, pp.366-376, 2017.

R. Bennett, The 'direct costs' of livestock disease: the development of a system of models for the analysis of 30 endemic livestock diseases in Great Britain, Journal of Agricultural Economics, vol.54, issue.1, pp.55-71, 2003.

F. Berzaghi, M. Longo, P. Ciais, S. Blake, F. Bretagnolle et al., Carbon stocks in central African forests enhanced by elephant disturbance, Nature Geoscience, vol.12, issue.9, pp.725-729, 2019.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02288910

D. P. Blayney, J. H. Dyck, and D. J. Harvey, Economic effects of animal diseases linked to trade dependency, pp.23-29, 1490.

C. L. Bong, C. Brasher, E. Chikumba, R. Mcdougall, J. Mellin-olsen et al., The COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Low-and Middle-Income Countries. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2020.

C. Bonnet, Z. Bouamra, V. Requillart, and N. Treich, Regulating meat consumption: How to improve health, the environment and animal welfare, Food Policy , forthcoming. ? Briceño-León, R, vol.23, pp.33-40, 2007.

C. M. Bui, A. A. Chughtai, and D. C. Adam, An overview of the epidemiology and emergence of influenza A infection in humans over time, Archives of Public Health, vol.75, p.15, 2017.

A. Carlier and N. Treich, Directly valuing animal welfare in (environmental) economics, International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics, vol.14, pp.113-152, 2020.

?. L. Cdc.-;-a, S. Allebone-webb, Y. Lignereux, A. A. Cunningham, and J. Marcus-rowcliffe, The scale of illegal meat importation from Africa to Europe via Paris, Conservation Letters, vol.3, issue.5, pp.317-321, 2010.

P. Chardonnet, B. D. Clers, J. Fischer, R. Gerhold, F. Jori et al., The value of wildlife, Revue Scientifique et Technique-Office International des Epizooties, vol.21, issue.1, pp.15-52, 2002.

D. J. Civitello, J. Cohen, H. Fatima, N. T. Halstead, J. Liriano et al., Biodiversity inhibits parasites: broad evidence for the dilution effect, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.112, issue.28, pp.8667-8671, 2015.

B. Clark, G. B. Stewart, L. A. Panzone, I. Kyriazakis, and L. J. Frewer, Citizens, consumers and farm animal welfare: A meta-analysis of willingness-to-pay studies, Food Policy, vol.68, pp.112-124, 2017.

?. Coker and R. , Towards a conceptual framework to support one-health research for policy on emerging zoonoses, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, vol.11, pp.326-357, 2011.

A. ?-conan, F. L. Goutard, S. Sorn, and S. Vong, Biosecurity measures for backyard poultry in developing countries: a systematic review, BMC Veterinary Research, vol.8, issue.1, p.240, 2012.

S. Costard, L. Mur, J. Lubroth, J. M. Sanchez-vizcaino, and D. U. Pfeiffer, Epidemiology of African swine fever virus, Virus research, vol.173, issue.1, pp.191-197, 2013.

S. Costard, F. J. Zagmutt, T. Porphyre, and D. U. Pfeiffer, Small-scale pig farmers' behavior, silent release of African swine fever virus and consequences for disease spread, Scientific Reports, vol.5, p.17074, 2015.

S. J. Cutler, A. R. Fooks, and W. H. Van-der-poel, Public health threat of new, reemerging, and neglected zoonoses in the industrialized world, Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol.16, issue.1, p.1, 2010.

M. Dahab, K. Van-zandvoort, S. Flasche, A. Warsame, P. B. Spiegel et al., COVID-19 control in low-income settings and displaced populations: what can realistically be done, 2020.

R. Damania and E. H. Bulte, The economics of wildlife farming and endangered species conservation, Ecological Economics, vol.62, issue.3-4, pp.461-472, 2007.

E. ?-de-merode, K. Homewood, and G. Cowlishaw, The value of bushmeat and other wild foods to rural households living in extreme poverty in Democratic Republic of Congo, Biological conservation, vol.118, issue.5, pp.573-581, 2004.

A. H. Desta, Pastoralism and the issue of zoonoses in Ethiopia, Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, vol.6, issue.7, pp.21-27, 2016.

V. ?-de-sy, M. Herold, F. Achard, R. Beuchle, J. G. Clevers et al., Land use patterns and related carbon losses following deforestation in South America, Environmental Research Letters, vol.10, issue.12, p.124004, 2015.

M. S. Dhingra, J. Artois, S. Dellicour, P. Lemey, G. Dauphin et al., Geographical and historical patterns in the emergences of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 and H7 viruses in poultry, Frontiers in Veterinary Science, vol.5, p.84, 2018.

M. ?-dicke, Edible insects unlikely to contribute to transmission of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, 2020.

M. ?-di-marco, Sustainable development must account for pandemic risk, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.117, 2008.

A. Di-nardo, N. J. Knowles, and D. J. Paton, Combining livestock trade patterns with phylogenetics to help understand the spread of foot and mouth disease in sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia, Revue Scientifique et Technique-OIE, vol.30, issue.1, p.95, 2011.

?. Fairr, An Industry Infected Animal agriculture in a post-COVID world, 2020.

V. Y. ?-fan, D. T. Jamison, and L. H. Summers, The inclusive cost of pandemic influenza risk (No. w22137), National Bureau of Economic Research, 2016.

?. Fao, . Oie, and . Who, A Tripartite Guide to Addressing Zoonotic Diseases in Countries, 2019.

?. Fao, Economic analysis of animal diseases. FAO Animal Production and Health Guidelines, 2016.

?. Fao, Backyard poultry provides an alternative way to sustain food security and nutrition in Syria, 2020.

?. Fao, COVID-19 and the risk to food supply chains: How to respond?, 2020.

E. Fernandez and N. Weiler, Initial results of mission district COVID-19 testing announced. UCSF News, Trends in Microbiology, vol.14, issue.3, pp.125-131, 2006.

G. A. Fitzgerald, S. Funk, M. Salathé, and V. A. Jansen, Modelling the influence of human behaviour on the spread of infectious diseases: a review, Journal of the Royal Society Interface, vol.367, issue.6485, pp.1247-1256, 2010.

R. Gal?cki and R. Sokó?, A parasitological evaluation of edible insects and their role in the transmission of parasitic diseases to humans and animals, PloS one, vol.14, issue.7, 2019.

T. A. Ghebreyesus, Incidence of malaria among children living near dams in northern Ethiopia: community based incidence survey, British Medical Journal, vol.319, pp.663-666, 1999.

E. P. Gibbs, The evolution of One Health: a decade of progress and challenges for the future, Veterinary Record, vol.174, issue.4, pp.85-91, 2014.

M. Gilbert, G. Conchedda, T. P. Van-boeckel, G. Cinardi, C. Linard et al., Income disparities and the global distribution of intensively farmed chicken and pigs, PLoS One, vol.10, issue.7, p.133381, 2015.

, ? Global Preparedness Monitoring Board (GPMB) (2019) The World at Risk: Annual Report on Global Preparedness for Health Emergencies

H. C. Godfray, P. Aveyard, T. Garnett, J. W. Hall, T. J. Key et al., Meat consumption, health, and the environment, Science, vol.361, p.5324, 2018.

S. L. Gorbach, Antimicrobial use in animal feed -time to stop, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.345, pp.1202-1203, 2001.

L. O. ?-gostin, Global health security after Ebola: Four global commissions, Milbank Quarterly, vol.94, pp.34-38, 2016.

J. Graça, M. M. Calheiros, and A. Oliveira, Attached to meat? (Un)Willingness and intentions to adopt a more plant-based diet, Appetite, vol.95, pp.113-125, 2015.

J. P. Graham, J. H. Leibler, L. B. Price, J. M. Otte, D. U. Pfeiffer et al., The animal-human interface and infectious disease in industrial food animal production: rethinking biosecurity and biocontainment, Public health reports, vol.123, issue.3, pp.282-299, 2008.

B. M. Gramig, R. D. Horan, and C. A. Wolf, Livestock disease indemnity design when moral hazard is followed by adverse selection, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, vol.91, pp.627-641, 2009.

M. Greger, Biosecurity and bioterrorism: biodefense strategy, practice, and science, vol.5, pp.301-312, 2007.

M. Haley and F. Gale, African Swine Fever Shrinks Pork Production in China, Swells Demand for Imported Pork, Amber Waves: The Economics of Food, Farming, Natural Resources, and Rural America, 1490.

?. Hamilton-west, C. Rojas, H. Pinto, J. Orozco, J. Hervé-claude et al., Characterization of backyard poultry production systems and disease risk in the central zone of Chile, Research in Veterinary Science, vol.93, issue.1, pp.121-124, 2012.

P. G. Hansen, M. Schilling, and M. S. Malthesen, Nudging healthy and sustainable food choices: three randomized controlled field experiments using a vegetarian lunch-default as a normative signal, Journal of Public Health, vol.154, 2019.

B. Häsler, W. Gilbert, B. A. Jones, D. U. Pfeiffer, J. Rushton et al., The economic value of One Health in relation to the mitigation of zoonotic disease risks, One Health: The Human-Animal-Environment Interfaces in Emerging Infectious Diseases, pp.127-151, 2012.

D. Helm, Biosecurity and the spread of animal infectious disease, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, vol.89, pp.1226-1231, 2007.

J. Henning, K. A. Henning, J. M. Morton, N. T. Long, N. T. Ha et al., Highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in ducks and in-contact chickens in backyard and smallholder commercial duck farms in Viet Nam, Preventive Veterinary Medicine, vol.101, issue.3-4, pp.229-240, 2011.

D. R. ?-holtgrave and R. A. Crosby, Social capital, poverty, and income inequality as predictors of gonorrhoea, syphilis, chlamydia and AIDS case rates in the United States, Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol.79, issue.1, pp.62-64, 2003.

J. ?-hopman, B. Allegranzi, and S. Mehtar, Managing COVID-19 in low-and middle-income countries, Jama, vol.323, issue.16, pp.1549-1550, 2020.

I. Iglesias, A. Rodriguez, F. Feliziani, S. Rolesu, and A. De-la-torre, Spatio-temporal analysis of African Swine Fever in Sardinia, Trends in domestic pigs and wild boar. Transboundary and emerging diseases, vol.64, pp.656-662, 2012.

?. Ilo, COVID-19 crisis and the informal economy: immediate responses and policy challenges, 2020.

B. L. Jewell, J. A. Smith, and T. B. Hallett, The Potential Impact of Interruptions to HIV Services: A Modelling Case Study for South Africa, 2020.

?. Jo, Y. Gortázar, and C. , African swine fever in wild boar, South Korea, 2019.

K. E. Jones, N. G. Patel, M. A. Levy, A. Storeygard, D. Balk et al., Global trends in emerging infectious diseases, Nature, issue.7181, pp.990-993, 2008.

B. A. Jones, D. Grace, R. Kock, S. Alonso, J. Rushton et al.,

D. U. Pfeiffer, Zoonosis emergence linked to agricultural intensification and environmental change, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.110, issue.21, pp.8399-8404, 2013.

W. B. Karesh, Ecology of zoonoses: natural and unnatural histories, The Lancet, vol.380, pp.1936-1945, 2012.

A. Kamakawa, H. T. Thu, and S. Yamada, Epidemiological survey of viral diseases of pigs in the Mekong delta of Vietnam between, Veterinary Microbiology, vol.118, issue.1-2, pp.47-56, 1999.

B. F. Kim, Country-specific dietary shifts to mitigate climate and water crises, Global Environmental Change, vol.62, p.101926, 2020.

J. J. Kleme?, Y. Van-fan, R. R. Tan, and P. Jiang, Minimising the present and future plastic waste, energy and environmental footprints related to COVID-19, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.127, p.109883, 2020.

?. Knight-jones, T. J. Rushton, and J. , The economic impacts of foot and mouth disease-What are they, how big are they and where do they occur?, Preventive Veterinary Medicine, vol.112, issue.3-4, pp.161-173, 2013.

?. Kremen and C. , Reframing the land-sparing/land-sharing debate for biodiversity conservation, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.1355, pp.52-76, 2015.

N. F. Kümpel, E. J. Milner-gulland, G. Cowlishaw, and J. M. Rowcliffe, Incentives for hunting: the role of bushmeat in the household economy in rural Equatorial Guinea, Human Ecology, vol.38, issue.2, pp.251-264, 2010.

A. Laddomada, S. Rolesu, F. Loi, S. Cappai, A. Oggiano et al.,

S. Cherchi, Surveillance and control of African Swine Fever in free-ranging pigs in Sardinia, Transboundary and emerging diseases, vol.66, issue.3, pp.1114-1119, 2019.

K. D. Lafferty, The ecology of climate change and infectious diseases, Ecology, vol.90, pp.888-900, 2009.

L. F. ?-la-sala, J. M. Burgos, D. E. Blanco, K. B. Stevens, A. R. Fernández et al., Spatial modelling for low pathogenicity avian influenza virus at the interface of wild birds and backyard poultry, Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol.66, issue.4, pp.1493-1505, 2019.

H. Lau, V. Khosrawipour, P. Kocbach, A. Mikolajczyk, J. Schubert et al., The positive impact of lockdown in Wuhan on containing the COVID-19 outbreak in China, Journal of Travel Medicine, 2020.

M. ?-lebreton, A. T. Prosser, U. Tamoufe, W. Sateren, E. Mpoudi-ngole et al., Patterns of bushmeat hunting and perceptions of disease risk among central African communities, Animal Conservation, vol.9, issue.4, pp.357-363, 2006.

S. Leduc and Z. Liu, The uncertainty channel of the coronavirus, FRBSF Economic Letter, issue.07, pp.1-05, 2020.

T. Levi, A. L. Massey, R. D. Holt, F. Keesing, R. S. Ostfeld et al., Does biodiversity protect humans against infectious disease? Comment, Ecology, vol.97, issue.2, pp.536-542, 2016.

J. Levi, L. M. Segal, D. A. Lieberman, K. May, and R. Laurent, Outbreaks: Protecting Americans from Infectious Diseases, 2014.

T. Levitt, Two billion and rising: the global trade in live animals in eight charts, The Guardian, 2020.

A. D. Lopez, C. D. Mathers, M. Ezzati, D. T. Jamison, and . Murray, Global burden of disease and risk factors, 2006.

A. D. Luis, D. T. Hayman, T. J. Shea, P. M. Cryan, A. T. Gilbert et al., A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: are bats special, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.280, 1756.

N. Madhav, B. Oppenheim, M. Gallivan, P. Mulembakani, E. Rubin et al., Pandemics: risks, impacts, and mitigation, Disease Control Priorities: Improving Health and Reducing Poverty, 2017.

U. M. Minga, P. L. Msoffe, and P. S. Gwakisa, Biodiversity (variation) in disease resistance and in pathogens within rural chicken populations. In International Health Network for Family Poultry (INFD), pp.8-13, 2004.

W. J. Mckibbin and A. Sidorenko, Global Macroeconomic Consequences of Pandemic Influenza, p.79, 2006.

C. Narrod, J. Zinsstag, and M. Tiongco, A one health framework for estimating the economic costs of zoonotic diseases on society, EcoHealth, vol.9, issue.2, pp.150-162, 2012.

. ?-nature-food, The true cost of food. Nature Food 1 , 185. ? Nature Food (2020b) Exploring wet markets, Nature Food, vol.1, p.241, 2020.

D. C. Nepstad, C. M. Stickler, B. S. Filho, and F. Merry, Interactions among Amazon land use, forests and climate: prospects for a near-term forest tipping point, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.363, pp.1737-1746, 1498.

M. R. Nielsen, M. Pouliot, H. Meilby, C. Smith-hall, and A. Angelsen, Global patterns and determinants of the economic importance of bushmeat, Biological Conservation, vol.215, pp.277-287, 2017.

T. T. Nguyen, L. Fearnley, X. T. Dinh, T. T. Tran, T. T. Tran et al., A stakeholder survey on live bird market closures policy for controlling highly pathogenic Avian influenza in Vietnam. Frontiers in Veterinary Science , 4, 136, Biodiversity and Conservation, vol.20, issue.7, pp.1385-1397, 2011.

?. Oecd, Producer Incentives in Livestock Disease Management, 2017.

?. Oecd, Supporting people and companies to deal with the COVID-19 virus: Options for an immediate employment and social-policy response, Joint Risk Assessment (2020) The first step in resilience programming, 2020.

?. Oecd, Evaluating the initial impact of COVID-19 containment measures on economic activity, 2020.

?. O'neill and J. , Antimicrobials in Agriculture and the Environment-Reducing Unnecessary Use and Waste, 2015.

R. S. Ostfeld, A Candide response to Panglossian accusations by Randolph and Dobson: biodiversity buffers disease, Parasitology, vol.140, issue.10, pp.1196-1198, 2013.

J. ?-otte, D. Roland-holst, D. Pfeiffer, R. Soares-magalhaes, J. Rushton et al., Industrial livestock production and global health risks, 2007.

C. ?-paim-shuck and W. J. Alonso, Pandemics, Global Health and Consumer Choices, 2020.

J. M. Peiris, B. J. Cowling, J. T. Wu, L. Feng, Y. Guan et al., Interventions to reduce zoonotic and pandemic risks from avian influenza in Asia, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, vol.16, pp.252-258, 2016.

?. Pe'er and G. , EU agricultural reform fails on biodiversity, vol.344, pp.1090-1092, 2014.

J. Poore and T. Nemecek, Reducing food's environmental impacts through producers and consumers, Science, vol.360, pp.987-992, 2018.

S. C. Quinn and S. Kumar, Health inequalities and infectious disease epidemics: a challenge for global health security. Biosecurity and bioterrorism: biodefense strategy, practice, and science, vol.12, pp.263-273, 2014.

T. Raffel, J. Romansic, and N. Halstead, Disease and thermal acclimation in a more variable and unpredictable climate, Nature Climate Change, vol.3, pp.146-151, 2013.

N. ?-rass, Policies and strategies to address the vulnerability of pastoralists in sub-Saharan Africa. Rome: FAO, Pro-poor Livestock Policy Initiative (PPLPI) Working Paper Series, p.37, 2006.

W. J. ?-ripple, K. Abernethy, M. G. Betts, G. Chapron, R. Dirzo et al., Bushmeat hunting and extinction risk to the world's mammals, Royal Society open science, vol.3, issue.10, p.160498, 2016.

J. R. Rohr, A. P. Dobson, and P. T. Johnson, Frontiers in climate change-disease research, Trends in Ecology and Evolution, vol.26, issue.6, pp.270-277, 2011.

J. R. Rohr, C. B. Barrett, D. J. Civitello, M. E. Craft, B. Delius et al., Emerging human infectious diseases and the links to global food production, Nature Sustainability, vol.2, issue.6, pp.445-456, 2019.

M. H. ?-rostagno, Can stress in farm animals increase food safety risk, Foodborne pathogens and disease, vol.6, pp.767-776, 2009.

J. ?-rushton, Methods for the Assessment of Livestock Development Interventions in Smallholder Livestock Systems . FAO, Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative, 2003.

J. ?-rushton and W. Gilbert, The economics of animal health: Direct and indirect costs of animal disease outbreaks, working paper, Paris: World Organisation for Animal Health, 2016.

J. ?-rushton, M. Bruce, C. Bellet, P. Torgerson, A. Shaw et al., Initiation of global burden of animal diseases programme, The Lancet, vol.392, pp.538-540, 2018.

P. ?-rzymski and M. Nowicki, Preventing COVID-19 prejudice in academia, Science, vol.367, issue.6484, p.1313, 2020.

H. W. Saatkamp, M. C. Mourits, and K. S. Howe, A framework for categorization of the economic impacts of outbreaks of highly contagious livestock diseases, Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol.63, issue.4, pp.422-434, 2016.

S. J. Salyer, R. Silver, K. Simone, and C. B. Behravesh, Prioritizing zoonoses for global health capacity building-themes from One Health zoonotic disease workshops in 7 countries, Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol.23, p.55, 2014.

J. M. Santoli, M. C. Lindley, M. B. Desilva, E. O. Kharbanda, M. F. Daley et al., Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Pediatric Vaccine Ordering and Administration-United States, 2020. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, p.69, 2020.

T. D. Searchinger, S. Wirsenius, T. Beringer, and P. Dumas, Assessing the efficiency of changes in land use for mitigating climate change, Nature, vol.564, pp.249-53, 2018.

C. Schuck-paim and W. J. Alonso, Pandemics, Global Health and Consumer Choices, CriaEditora.com, 2020.

D. R. Simon, Meatonomics: How the Rigged Economics of Meat and Dairy Make You Consume Too Much--and How to Eat Better, Live Longer, and Spend Smarter, 2013.

S. H. Sokolow, Nearly 400 million people are at higher risk of schistosomiasis because dams block the migration of snail-eating river prawns, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, vol.372, 2017.

K. M. Smith, S. J. Anthony, W. M. Switzer, J. H. Epstein, T. Seimon et al., Zoonotic viruses associated with illegally imported wildlife products, PloS one, vol.7, issue.1, 2012.

E. Solberg and N. A. Akufo-addo, Amid the coronavirus pandemic, the SDGs will help us build back better, 2020.

A. J. Springbett, K. Mackenzie, J. A. Woolliams, and S. C. Bishop, The contribution of genetic diversity to the spread of infectious diseases in livestock populations, Genetics, vol.165, issue.3, pp.1465-1474, 2003.

C. Stein, T. Kuchenmüller, S. Hendrickx, A. Prüss-?stün, L. Wolfson et al., The global burden of disease assessments-WHO is responsible, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, issue.3, p.1, 2007.

N. Stephens, Bringing cultured meat to market: Technical, socio-political, and regulatory challenges in cellular agriculture, Trends in Food Science and Technology, vol.78, pp.155-66, 2018.

T. H. Stevens, J. Echeverria, R. J. Glass, T. Hager, and T. A. More, Measuring the existence value of wildlife: what do CVM estimates really show, Land Economics, vol.67, issue.4, pp.390-400, 1991.

M. Subramanian, Zoonotic disease risk and the bushmeat trade: assessing awareness among hunters and traders in Sierra Leone, EcoHealth, vol.9, issue.4, pp.471-482, 2012.

D. E. ?-te-beest, T. J. Hagenaars, J. A. Stegeman, M. P. Koopmans, and M. Van-boven, Risk based culling for highly infectious diseases of livestock, Veterinary Research, vol.42, issue.1, p.81, 2011.

P. R. ?-torgerson and C. N. Macpherson, The socioeconomic burden of parasitic zoonoses: global trends, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.182, issue.1, pp.79-95, 2011.

N. Treich, Some economics of cultured meat, 2020.

P. ?-tschofen, I. L. Azevedo, and N. Z. Muller, Fine particulate matter damages and value added in the US economy, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.116, issue.40, pp.19857-19862, 2019.

T. P. Van-boeckel, C. Brower, M. Gilbert, B. T. Grenfell, S. A. Levin et al., Global trends in antimicrobial use in food animals, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.112, issue.18, pp.5649-5654, 2015.

A. Van-dorn, R. E. Cooney, and M. L. Sabin, COVID-19 exacerbating inequalities in the US, The Lancet, vol.395, pp.1243-1244, 2020.

A. Van-huis, Insects as food and feed, a new emerging agricultural sector: a review, Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, vol.6, issue.1, pp.27-44, 2019.

R. M. Viner, S. J. Russell, H. Croker, J. Packer, J. Ward et al., School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: a rapid systematic review. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2020.

Y. Wang, Z. Jiang, Z. Jin, H. Tan, and B. Xu, Risk factors for infectious diseases in backyard poultry farms in the Poyang Lake area, China. PLoS One, vol.8, issue.6, 2013.

R. G. Webster, Wet markets-a continuing source of severe acute respiratory syndrome and influenza, The Lancet, vol.363, pp.234-236, 2004.

M. L. Whitehead and V. Roberts, Backyard poultry: legislation, zoonoses and disease prevention, Journal of Small Animal Practice, vol.55, issue.10, pp.487-496, 2014.

?. Wilder-smith, A. Freedman, and D. O. , Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak, Journal of Travel Medicine, vol.27, issue.2, 2020.

?. Willett and W. , Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems, Lancet, vol.393, pp.447-492, 2019.

N. D. Wolfe, P. Daszak, A. M. Kilpatrick, and D. S. Burke, Bushmeat hunting, deforestation, and prediction of zoonotic disease, Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol.11, issue.12, p.1822, 2005.

N. D. Wolfe, C. P. Dunavan, and J. Diamond, Origins of major human infectious diseases, Nature, vol.447, issue.7142, pp.279-283, 2007.

C. L. Wood, K. D. Lafferty, G. Deleo, H. S. Young, P. J. Hudson et al., Does biodiversity protect humans against infectious disease?, Ecology, vol.95, issue.4, pp.817-832, 2014.

C. L. Wood, K. D. Lafferty, G. Deleo, H. S. Young, P. J. Hudson et al., Does biodiversity protect humans against infectious disease?, 2016.

C. L. Wood, A. Mcinturff, H. S. Young, D. Kim, and K. D. Lafferty, Human infectious disease burdens decrease with urbanization but not with biodiversity, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.372, p.20160122, 1722.

?. Who, Influenza (Avian and other zoonotic, 2018.

, Operational framework for strengthening human, animal, and environmental public health systems at their interface, ? World Bank Group, 2018.

, Meat: The Future Series -Alternative Proteins, ? World Economic Forum, 2019.

J. H. Yang, P. Bhargava, D. Mccloskey, N. Mao, B. O. Palsson et al., Antibiotic-induced changes to the host metabolic environment inhibit drug efficacy and alter immune function, Cell host & microbe, vol.22, issue.6, pp.757-765, 2017.

H. S. Young, R. Dirzo, K. M. Helgen, D. J. Mccauley, S. A. Billeter et al., Declines in large wildlife increase landscape-level prevalence of rodent-borne disease in Africa, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.111, issue.19, pp.7036-7041, 2014.

H. S. Young, C. L. Wood, A. M. Kilpatrick, K. D. Lafferty, C. L. Nunn et al., Conservation, biodiversity and infectious disease: scientific evidence and policy implications, 2017.

?. Zambrano-monserrate, M. A. Ruano, M. A. Sanchez-alcalde, and L. , Indirect effects of COVID-19 on the environment, Science of the Total Environment, 2020.

T. Zhang, Y. Bi, H. Tian, X. Li, D. Liu et al., Human infection with influenza virus A (H10N8) from live poultry markets, Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol.20, issue.12, p.2076, 2014.

?. Zhang and F. Yin, Wildlife consumption and conservation awareness in China: A long way to go, Biodiversity Conservation, vol.23, pp.2371-81, 2014.

X. Zhang, Y. Zhao, and G. Mu, Economic factors contributing to the outbreaks of indigenous major infectious diseases from domestic animals in China between 2000 and 2016: a multicountry study, The Lancet, vol.390, p.48, 2017.

H. Zhao, COVID-19 drives new threat to bats in China, Science, vol.367, issue.6485, pp.1436-1436, 2020.

C. Zheng, Assessing environmental impacts of Chinese livestock policies: An agent-based approach, 2013.

Z. M. Zhou, Y. Zhou, C. Newman, and D. W. Macdonald, Scaling up pangolin protection in China, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, vol.12, issue.2, pp.97-98, 2014.

J. Zinsstag, E. Schelling, F. Roth, B. Bonfoh, D. De-savigny et al., Human benefits of animal interventions for zoonosis control, Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol.13, issue.4, p.527, 2007.