, Si la circularité des flux et l'autonomie territoriale sont des notions qui gagnent en puissance dans le discours public, leur mise en oeuvre semble se faire à géométrie variable selon les types de matériaux, d'acteurs et de territoires, L'analyse du métabolisme des villes moyennes met donc en exergue les caractéristiques de la société de consommation des pays du Nord, 2010.

S. Barles, Urban metabolism of Paris and its region, Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol.13, issue.6, pp.898-913, 2009.

S. Barles, Society, energy and materials: the contribution of urban metabolism studies to sustainable urban development issues, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, vol.53, issue.4, pp.439-455, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00543986

S. Barles, L'écologie territoriale et les enjeux de la dématérialisation des sociétés : l'apport de l'analyse des flux de matières, Développement durable et territoires. Économie, géographie, politique, droit, sociologie, vol.5, 2014.

S. Barles, The main characteristics of urban socio-ecological trajectories: Paris (France) from the 18th to the 20th century, Ecological Economics, vol.118, pp.177-185, 2015.

G. Billen, J. Garnier, and S. Barles, History of the urban environmental imprint: introduction to a multidisciplinary approach to the long-term relationships between Western cities and their hinterland, Regional Environmental Change, vol.12, issue.2, pp.249-253, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00808437

S. Bognon, S. Barles, G. Billen, and J. Garnier, Les flux d'approvisionnement alimentaire de l'agglomération parisienne et leur gouvernance. Trajectoire socio-écologique du XVIIIe au XXIe siècles, Sciences

N. Brenner, Theses on Urbanization. Public Culture, vol.25, pp.85-114, 0169.

F. Demaria and S. Schindler, Contesting Urban Metabolism: Struggles Over Waste-to-Energy in Delhi, India. Antipode, vol.48, issue.2, pp.293-313, 2016.

M. Durand, J. Bahers, and H. Beraud, Vers une économie circulaire, de proximité ? Une spatialité à géométrie variable. Déchets, Sciences et Techniques(N°71), 2016.

, La ville durable : l'hypothèse d'un tournant urbanistique en Europe, 2007.

, L'Information géographique, vol.71, issue.3, p.48

L. Guibrunet, M. Sanzana, V. Calvet, and . Broto, Flows, system boundaries and the politics of urban metabolism: Waste management in Mexico City and, 2016.

, Geoforum, 2017.

M. J. Hird, Environmental Politics and Dis/Engaged Publics. Theory, vol.34, pp.187-209, 2017.

P. Hoekman and H. Blottnitz, Cape Town's Metabolism: Insights from a Material Flow Analysis, Journal of Industrial Ecology, 2016.

C. A. Kennedy, I. Stewart, A. Facchini, I. Cersosimo, R. Mele et al., Energy and material flows of megacities, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.112, pp.5985-5990, 2015.

F. Krausmann, A City and Its Hinterland: Vienna's Energy Metabolism 1800-2006, Long Term Socio-Ecological Research, pp.247-268, 2013.

A. Magnaghi, La biorégion urbaine. Paris: Editions Etérotopia, 2014.

O. Raupova, H. Kamahara, and N. Goto, Assessment of physical economy through economy-wide material flow analysis in developing Uzbekistan. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol.89, pp.76-85, 2014.

L. Rosado, Y. Kalmykova, and J. Patrício, Urban metabolism profiles. An empirical analysis of the material flow characteristics of three metropolitan areas in Sweden, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol.126, pp.206-217, 2016.

L. Rosado, S. Niza, and P. Ferrão, A Material Flow Accounting Case Study of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area using the Urban Metabolism Analyst Model, Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol.18, issue.1, pp.84-101, 2014.

A. N. Saldivar-sali, A global typology of cities : classification tree analysis of urban resource consumption, 2010.

S. Sastre, Ó. Carpintero, and P. L. Lomas, Regional Material Flow Accounting and Environmental Pressures: The Spanish Case, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.49, issue.4, pp.2262-2269, 2015.

I. M. Voskamp, S. Stremke, M. Spiller, D. Perrotti, J. P. Van-der-hoek et al.,

, Enhanced Performance of the Eurostat Method for Comprehensive Assessment of Urban Metabolism: A Material Flow Analysis of Amsterdam, Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol.21, issue.4, pp.887-902

H. Weisz and J. K. Steinberger, Reducing energy and material flows in cities, Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, vol.2, issue.3, pp.185-192, 2010.

Y. Zhang, Z. Yang, and X. Yu, Urban Metabolism: A Review of Current Knowledge and Directions for Future Study, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.49, pp.11247-11263, 2015.