Judges, Algorithms, and Jurisprudence. Initial Analyses of a “Predictive Justice” Experiment in France
Le travail des juges et les algorithmes de traitement de la jurisprudence. Premières analyses d’une expérimentation de « justice prédictive » en France
Résumé
This article proposes an analysis of one of the first experiments using a
software able to process judicial databases (as part of the open data movement in the French judicial administration) by some judges of a French
court (cour d’appel). Based on recent developments and on fieldwork (interviews), it shows how the activity of judges is already supported by devices
for framing decisions on the basis of prior judicial history, such as frames of
reference, nomenclatures, etc., which “equip” the production of the decisions. It also discusses how the introduction of the software both tests and
reconfigures pre-existing tensions regarding the radical independence of the
judge (the contested site of tension between autonomy and control), and
makes particularly salient the question of the distribution of agency between
judges and the technological devices employed when producing judgments.
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