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From State Ideology to the Educational Film: comparative itineraries of France, Italy and the United States in the Twenties

De l'idéologie d'État au film d'éducation : itinéraire comparé de la France, de l'Italie et des États-Unis dans les années vingt

Abstract : The political faces of French Republic, Mussolinian fascist Italy and the United States of America in the Twenties are totally distinct. Nevertheless, the way these countries used educational and teaching films at this time is the product of the same intention : the transmission of the founding values of their respective systems of government. These values are: - in France: the "century of lights" inheritance, strengthened by the republican ideals stemming from French Revolution and state educational model impulsed by Jules Ferry , - in Italy, the Nationalist Postulate of mussolinian ideology, and his will to form a “New Man”, a “regenerated race” of Italians, - in the US; the raising of moral standards and the affirmation of interculturalism in the already well implanted notion of “American Way of Life”. Distributed in schools and educational circles, these films, today forgotten, propose a symptomatic example of state propaganda in times of peace