A. Agrawal and M. C. Lemos, Adaptive development, Nature Climate Change, vol.5, issue.3, p.185, 2015.

J. D. Angrist and J. Pischke, Mostly harmless econometrics: An empiricist's companion, 2008.

M. Auffhammer, S. M. Hsiang, W. Schlenker, and A. Sobel, Using weather data and climate model output in economic analyses of climate change, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, vol.7, issue.2, pp.181-198, 2013.

M. Auffhammer, V. Ramanathan, and J. R. Vincent, Climate change, the monsoon, and rice yield in India, Climatic Change, vol.111, issue.2, pp.411-424, 2012.

M. Auffhammer and W. Schlenker, Empirical studies on agricultural impacts and adaptation, Energy Economics, vol.46, pp.555-561, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eneco.2014.09.010

A. Backhaus, I. Martinez-zarzoso, and C. Muris, Do climate variations explain bilateral migration? A gravity model analysis, IZA Journal of Migration, vol.4, issue.3, pp.1-15, 2015.
DOI : 10.1186/s40176-014-0026-3
URL : https://doi.org/10.1186/s40176-014-0026-3

D. Balk, U. Deichmann, G. Yetman, F. Pozzi, S. Hay et al., Determining global population distribution: Methods, applications and data, Advances in Parasitology, vol.12, issue.62, pp.119-156, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/s0065-308x(05)62004-0
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3154651?pdf=render

C. B. Barrett, M. Carter, J. Chavas, and M. R. Carter, The economics of poverty traps, 2018.

S. Barrios, L. Bertinelli, and E. Strobl, Climatic change and rural-urban migration: The case of sub-Saharan Africa, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.60, issue.3, pp.357-371, 2006.

S. Bazzi, Wealth heterogeneity and the income elasticity of migration, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, vol.9, issue.2, pp.219-55, 2017.

M. Beine and C. Parsons, Climatic factors as determinants of international migration, The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, vol.117, issue.2, pp.723-767, 2015.

M. Beine and C. Parsons, Climatic factors as determinants of international migration: Redux, CESifo Economic Studies, vol.63, issue.4, pp.386-402, 2017.

M. A. Beine and L. Jeusette, A meta-analysis of the literature on climate change and migration. CESifo Working Paper 7417, 2018.

R. Black, S. R. Bennett, S. M. Thomas, and J. R. Beddington, Climate change: Migration as adaptation, Nature, vol.478, issue.7370, p.447, 2011.

P. Bohra-mishra, M. Oppenheimer, and S. M. Hsiang, Nonlinear permanent migration response to climatic variations but minimal response to disasters, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.111, issue.27, pp.9780-9785, 2014.

C. Bonfils and D. Lobell, Empirical evidence for a recent slowdown in irrigationinduced cooling, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.104, issue.34, pp.13582-13587, 2007.

G. J. Borjas, Self-selection and the earnings of immigrants, The American Economic Review, pp.531-553, 1987.

C. Brouwer and M. Heibloem, Irrigation Water Management Training Manual No. 3: Irrigation Water Needs, 1986.

M. Burke, S. M. Hsiang, M. , and E. , Climate and conflict, Annual Review of Economics, vol.7, issue.1, pp.577-617, 2015.

M. Burke and D. Lobell, Food security and adaptation to climate change: What do we know?, Climate Change and Food Security, pp.133-153, 2009.

R. Cai, S. Feng, M. Oppenheimer, and M. Pytlikova, Climate variability and international migration: The importance of the agricultural linkage, Journal of Environmental Economics & Management, vol.79, pp.135-151, 2016.

C. Cattaneo and G. Peri, The migration response to increasing temperatures, Journal of Development Economics, vol.122, issue.C, pp.127-146, 2016.

J. Chavas, Role of risk and uncertainty in agriculture, The Routledge Handbook of Agricultural Economics, pp.603-615, 2018.

I. Chort and . De-la-rupelle, Managing the impact of climate change on migration: Evidence from Mexico, 2017.

, Estimating Net Migration by Ecosystem and by Decade, 1970-2010, Foresight Project on Migration and Global Environmental Change, vol.4, 2011.

, Global rural-urban mapping project, version 1 (grumpv1): Land and geographic unit area grids, CIESIN, 2011.

, Global population count grid time series estimates, CIESIN, 2017.

N. D. Coniglio and G. Pesce, Climate variability and international migration: An empirical analysis, Environment and Development Economics, vol.20, issue.4, pp.434-468, 2015.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.2515887

A. L. D'agostino and W. Schlenker, Recent weather fluctuations and agricultural yields: Implications for climate change, Agricultural Economics, vol.47, issue.S1, pp.159-171, 2016.

I. Dallmann and K. Millock, Climate variability and inter-state migration in India, CESifo Economic Studies, vol.63, issue.4, pp.560-594, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01630310

R. Damania, S. Desbureaux, M. Hyland, A. Islam, S. Moore et al., Uncharted waters: The new economics of water scarcity and variability, 2017.

D. P. Dee, S. M. Uppala, A. J. Simmons, P. Berrisford, P. Poli et al., The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.137, issue.656, pp.553-597, 2011.

M. Dell, B. F. Jones, and B. A. Olken, What do we learn from the weather? The new climate-economy literature, Journal of Economic Literature, vol.52, issue.3, pp.740-798, 2014.

O. Deschênes, Temperature, human health, and adaptation: A review of the empirical literature, Energy Economics, vol.46, issue.C, pp.606-619, 2014.

O. Deschênes and M. Greenstone, The economic impacts of climate change: Evidence from agricultural output and random fluctuations in weather, American Economic Review, vol.97, issue.1, pp.354-385, 2007.

O. Deschênes and M. Greenstone, Climate change, mortality, and adaptation: Evidence from annual fluctuations in weather in the US, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, vol.3, issue.4, pp.152-185, 2011.

O. Deschênes and E. Moretti, Extreme weather events, mortality, and migration, The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.91, issue.4, pp.659-681, 2009.

. Fao, FAO Factsheet on irrigation -Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2014.

R. C. Feenstra, R. Inklaar, and M. P. Timmer, The next generation of the Penn World Table, American Economic Review, vol.105, issue.10, pp.3150-3182, 2015.

S. Feng, M. Oppenheimer, and W. Schlenker, Weather anomalies, crop yields, and migration in the US Corn Belt. Working Paper, Columbia University, 2015.

R. Fishman, Groundwater depletion limits the scope for adaptation to increased rainfall variability in India, Climatic Change, vol.147, issue.1, pp.195-209, 2018.

R. Fishman, M. Jain, and A. Kishore, When water runs out: Adaptation to gradual environmental change in Indian agriculture, 2017.

S. Foudi and K. Erdlenbruch, The role of irrigation in farmers' risk management strategies in France, European Review of Agricultural Economics, vol.39, issue.3, pp.439-457, 2011.

C. Gray and V. Mueller, Drought and population mobility in rural Ethiopia, World Development, vol.40, pp.124-145, 2012.

C. Gray and V. Mueller, Natural disasters and population mobility in Bangladesh, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.109, issue.16, pp.6000-6005, 2012.

I. Haddeland, J. Heinke, H. Biemans, S. Eisner, M. Flörke et al., Global water resources affected by human interventions and climate change, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.111, issue.9, pp.3251-3256, 2014.

J. V. Henderson, A. Storeygard, and U. Deichmann, Has climate change driven urbanization in Africa, Journal of Development Economics, vol.124, issue.C, pp.60-82, 2017.

R. Hornbeck and P. Keskin, The historically evolving Impact of the Ogallala Aquifer: Agricultural adaptation to groundwater and drought, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, vol.6, issue.1, pp.190-219, 2014.

F. Hossain and R. Ahsan, When it rains, it pours: Estimating the spatial spillover effect of rainfall, 2018.

S. M. Hsiang, M. Burke, M. , and E. , Quantifying the influence of climate on human conflict, Science, vol.341, issue.6151, pp.1235367-1235367, 2013.

. Ipcc, Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014.

R. Jedwab, L. Christiaensen, and M. Gidelsky, Demography, urbanization and development: Rural push, urban pull and...urban push?, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.98, pp.6-16, 2017.

K. Jessoe, D. T. Manning, and J. E. Taylor, Climate change and labour allocation in rural Mexico: Evidence from annual fluctuations in weather, The Economic Journal, vol.128, issue.608, pp.230-261, 2017.

M. Kleemans, Migration choice under risk and liquidity constraints, 2015.

K. Klein-goldewijk and G. Van-drecht, HYDE 3: Current and historical population and land cover. Integrated modeling of global environmental change. An overview of IMAGE, vol.2, pp.93-111, 2006.

P. Kurukulasuriya, R. Mendelsohn, R. Hassan, J. Benhin, T. Deressa et al., Will African agriculture survive climate change?, The World Bank Economic Review, vol.20, issue.3, pp.367-388, 2006.

W. Laube, B. Schraven, A. , and M. , Smallholder adaptation to climate change: Dynamics and limits in Northern Ghana, Climatic Change, vol.111, issue.3-4, pp.753-774, 2012.

L. Marchiori, J. F. Maystadt, and I. Schumacher, The impact of weather anomalies on migration in sub-Saharan Africa, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, vol.63, issue.3, pp.355-374, 2012.

P. Mccord, K. Waldman, E. Baldwin, J. Dell'angelo, and T. Evans, Assessing multi-level drivers of adaptation to climate variability and water insecurity in smallholder irrigation systems, World Development, vol.108, pp.296-308, 2018.

J. W. Mckinsey and R. E. Evenson, Technology-climate interactions in the green revolution in India, 1999.

M. M. Mekonnen and A. Y. Hoekstra, Four billion people facing severe water scarcity, Science Advances, vol.2, issue.2, pp.1500323-1500323, 2016.

K. Millock, Migration and environment, Annual Review of Resource Economics, vol.7, issue.1, pp.35-60, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01302611

A. Missirian and W. Schlenker, Asylum applications respond to temperature fluctuations, Science, vol.358, pp.1610-1614, 2017.

V. Mueller, C. Gray, and K. Kosec, Heat stress increases long-term human migration in rural Pakistan, Nature Climate Change, vol.4, pp.182-185, 2014.

Ç. Özden, C. R. Parsons, M. Schiff, and T. L. Walmsley, Where on earth is everybody? The evolution of global bilateral migration, The World Bank Economic Review, vol.25, issue.1, pp.12-56, 1960.

. Rienecker, MERRA: NASA's Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Journal of Climate, vol.24, pp.3624-3648, 2011.

K. K. Rigaud, A. De-sherbenin, B. Jones, J. Bergmann, V. Clement et al., Groundswell: Preparing for internal climate migration, 2018.

M. J. Roberts and W. Schlenker, Identifying supply and demand elasticities of agricultural commodities: Implications for the US ethanol mandate, American Economic Review, vol.103, issue.6, pp.2265-95, 2013.

A. D. Roy, Some thoughts on the distribution of earnings, Oxford Economic Papers, vol.3, issue.2, pp.135-146, 1951.

W. J. Sacks, D. Deryng, J. A. Foley, and N. Ramankutty, Crop planting dates: An analysis of global patterns, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.82, pp.607-620, 2010.

S. S. Sayre and V. Taraz, Groundwater depletion in India: Social losses from costly well deepening, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, vol.93, pp.85-100, 2019.

W. Schlenker and D. Lobell, Robust negative impacts of climate change on African agriculture, Environmental Research Letters, vol.12, p.14010, 2010.

W. Schlenker and M. J. Roberts, Nonlinear temperature effects indicate severe damages to US crop yields under climate change, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.106, issue.37, pp.15594-15598, 2009.

K. Schoengold and D. Zilberman, The economics of water, irrigation, and development, Handbook of Agricultural Economics, vol.3, pp.2933-2977, 2007.

S. Siebert, F. Ewert, E. E. Rezaei, H. Kage, and R. Graß, Impact of heat stress on crop yield-on the importance of considering canopy temperature, Environmental Research Letters, vol.9, issue.4, p.44012, 2014.

S. Siebert, M. Kummu, M. Porkka, P. Döll, N. Ramankutty et al., A global data set of the extent of irrigated land from 1900 to, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, vol.19, pp.1521-1545, 2005.

S. Siebert, H. Webber, G. Zhao, and F. Ewert, Heat stress is overestimated in climate impact studies for irrigated agriculture, Environmental Research Letters, vol.12, issue.5, p.54023, 2017.

E. Somanathan, R. Somanathan, A. Sudarshan, and M. Tewari, The impact of temperature on productivity and labor supply: Evidence from Indian manufacturing, 2015.

V. Taraz, Can farmers adapt to higher temperatures? Evidence from India, World Development, vol.112, pp.205-219, 2018.

B. Thiede, C. Gray, and V. Mueller, Climate variability and inter-provincial migration in South America, Global Environmental Change, vol.41, pp.228-240, 1970.

T. Troy, C. Kipgen, and I. Pal, The impact of climate extremes and irrigation on US crop yields, Environmental Research Letters, vol.10, p.54013, 2015.

, World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision-Highlights, 2014.

, Cross-national comparisons of internal migration: An update on global patterns and trends, Population Division, 2013.

, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2017.

J. Vanschoenwinkel and S. Passel, Climate response of rainfed versus irrigated farms: The bias of farm heterogeneity in irrigation, Climatic Change, vol.147, issue.1-2, pp.225-234, 2018.

C. Vörosmarty and P. Green, Global water resources: Vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, vol.289, pp.1-6, 2000.

J. R. Welch, J. R. Vincent, M. Auffhammer, P. F. Moya, A. Dobermann et al., Rice yields in tropical/subtropical asia exhibit large but opposing sensitivities to minimum and maximum temperatures, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.107, issue.33, pp.14562-14567, 2010.

C. Willmott and K. Matsuura, Terrestrial air temperature and precipitation: Gridded monthly time series, 1900.

W. Bank, World Development Indicators, 2017.

E. Zaveri, D. S. Grogan, K. Fisher-vanden, S. Frolking, R. B. Lammers et al., Invisible water, visible impact: Groundwater use and Indian agriculture under climate change, Environmental Research Letters, vol.11, issue.8, pp.1-13, 2016.

E. D. Zaveri, D. H. Wrenn, and K. Fisher-vanden, The impact of water access on short-term migration in rural India, SSRN Electronic Journal. Retrieved from, 2018.

P. Zhang, O. Deschênes, K. Meng, and J. Zhang, Temperature effects on productivity and factor reallocation: Evidence from a half million Chinese manufacturing plants, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, vol.88, pp.1-17, 2018.

J. G. Zivin and M. Neidell, Temperature and the allocation of time: Implications for climate change, Journal of Labor Economics, vol.32, issue.1, pp.1-26, 2014.

B. Afghanistan and B. Faso, Lao People's Democratic Republic

, List of middle-income countries (78)

A. Albania, A. Angola, . Bahamas, . Bangladesh, . Belize et al.,