E. Acuña and E. Adamou, How did linguistic innovations spread in the Romani varieties of the Americas? A social interconnection approach, International Conference on Romani Studies, 2013.

E. Adamou, Replicating Spanish estar in Mexican Romani, Linguistics, vol.51, issue.6, pp.1075-1105, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01422907
DOI : 10.1515/ling-2013-0045

E. Adamou and R. X. Shen, There are no language switching costs when codeswitching is frequent, International Journal of Bilingualism, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01522408
DOI : 10.1177/1367006917709094

M. Arche, Individuals in Time. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2006.

D. J. Barr, . Levy, . Roger, C. &. Scheepers, and H. J. Tily, Random effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: Keep it maximal, Journal of memory and language, vol.68, issue.3, pp.255-278, 2013.

D. Bates, . Maechler, . Martin, . Bolker, . Ben et al., Fitting Linear MixedEffects Models Using lme4, Journal of Statistical Software, vol.67, pp.1-48, 2015.

E. &. Brown and M. Cortés-torres, Syntactic and Pragmatic Usage of the, Selected Proceedings of the 14th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium, pp.61-74, 2012.

E. Bylund, Maturational constraints and first language attrition, Language Learning, vol.59, pp.687-715, 2009.

J. Camacho, La distinción aspectual entre ser y estar, Theoretical Issues at the morphology-syntax interface. Bizkaia: Universidad del País Vasco, pp.93-100, 1997.

J. Camacho, What do Spanish copulas have in common with Tibetan evidentials? In: Gumiel-Molina, pp.173-202, 2015.

C. J. Clements, The semantics and pragmatics of the Spanish <copula + adjective> construction, Linguistics, vol.26, pp.779-822, 1988.

M. Cortés-torres, ¿Ser o estar? La variación lingüística y social de estar más adjetivo en el español de Cuernavaca, Hispania, vol.87, issue.4, pp.788-795, 2004.

R. De-jonge, Dis)continuity in language change: Ser and estar + age in Latin American Spanish, Linguistics in the Netherlands. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp.69-80, 1993.

N. Delbecque, Categorización frente a deixis. Revista española de lingüística aplicada, vol.extra, pp.239-280, 2000.

. Díaz-campos and K. L. Manuel-&amp;-geeslin, Copula use in the Spanish of Venezuela: Social and linguistic sources of variation, Spanish in Context, vol.8, issue.1, pp.73-94, 2011.

. El?ík and Y. Matras, Markedness and language change, 2006.

V. Escandell-vidal, Evidential commitment and feature mismatch in Spanish estar constructions, Journal of Pragmatics, vol.128, pp.102-115, 2017.

V. &. Escandell-vidal and M. Leonetti, Coercion and the Stage/Individual Distinction, Gutiérrez-Rexach, Javier, pp.159-179, 2002.

, Etudes Tsiganes. 2012. Special issue 'Les tsiganes en Amérique du Sud, p.51

J. Falk, Ser y estar con atributos adjetivales, 1979.

F. Leborans and M. Jesús, Las construcciones con el verbo estar: aspectos sintácticos y semánticos, vol.22, pp.253-284, 1995.

Y. García-márkina, Recherches sur l'opposition entre ser et estar en espagnol : Historique de la question et application à l'étude des variations dans leurs emplois en espagnol spontané contemporain au Mexique, 2013.

K. L. Geeslin, The second language acquisition of copula choice in Spanish and its relationship to language change, 1999.

K. L. Geeslin, Changing norms, moving targets and the SLA of copula choice, Spanish Applied Linguistics, vol.5, issue.1-2, pp.29-55, 2001.

K. L. Geeslin and P. Guijarro-fuentes, Variation in contemporary Spanish: Linguistic predictors of 'estar' in four cases of language contact, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, vol.11, issue.3, pp.365-380, 2008.

D. W. Green and J. Abutalebi, Language control in bilinguals: The adaptive control hypothesis, Journal of Cognitive Psychology, vol.25, pp.515-530, 2013.

F. Grosjean, An attempt to isolate, and then differentiate, transfer and interference, International Journal of Bilingualism, vol.16, pp.11-21, 2011.

T. H. Gollan, R. I. Montoya, C. &. Cera, and T. C. Sandoval, More use almost always means a smaller frequency effect: aging, bilingualism, and the weaker links hypothesis, Journal of Memory and Language, vol.58, pp.787-814, 2008.

P. &. Guijarro-fuentes and K. L. Geeslin, Copula choice in the Spanish of Galicia The eff ects of bilingualism on language use, Spanish in Context, vol.3, issue.1, pp.63-83, 2006.

M. J. Gutiérrez, Ser' y 'estar' en el habla de Michoacán, 1994.

S. &. Jarvis and A. Pavlenko, Cross-linguistic influence in language and cognition, 2008.

J. &. Kroll and P. Dussias, The comprehension of words and sentences in two languages, The Handbook of Bilingualism and Multilingualism, pp.216-243, 2013.

, International Journal of Bilingualism

J. Kroll, . Dussias, . Paola, . Bice, and L. Kinsey-&amp;-perroti, Bilingualism, mind, and brain, Annual Review of Linguistics, vol.1, pp.377-394, 2015.

J. Lema, Distinguishing copular and aspectual auxiliaries: Spanish Ser and Estar, Contemporary research in Romance Linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp.257-274, 1992.

M. Luján, The Spanish copulas as aspectual indicators, Lingua, vol.54, pp.165-210, 1981.

C. Maienborn, A Discourse Based Account of Spanish ser/estar, Linguistics, vol.43, issue.1, pp.155-180, 2005.

I. Malaver, Adjetivos de edad con "ser" y "estar" en el español de México y Guatemala, Lexis, vol.36, issue.2, pp.191-224, 2012.

M. Gálvez and . Rafael, Entre ser y estar, 2004.

Y. Matras, The structural and functional composition of Romani demonstratives, Grammatical relations in Romani: The noun phrase. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins, pp.95-122, 2000.

Y. Matras, Romani: A linguistic introduction, 2002.

Y. Matras, The classification of Romani dialects. A geographic-historical perspective, General and applied Romani linguistics. Munich: Lincom Europa, pp.7-26, 2005.

S. Montrul, On the bilingual competence of Spanish heritage speakers: Syntax, lexical-semantics and processing, International Journal of Bilingualism, vol.10, pp.37-69, 2006.

N. Ruiz and R. , Ser y estar: estudio sobre el sistema atributivo del español, 1963.

. Ortiz-lópez and . Luis, Extensión de 'estar' en contextos de 'ser' en el español de Puerto Rico. Boletín de la academia puertorriqueña de la lengua española, pp.98-118, 2000.

C. Padure, S. DePascale and E. Adamou, Variation between the copula si 'to be' and the l-clitics in Romani spoken in Mexico, Romani Studies, vol.28, issue.2, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02008498
DOI : 10.3828/rs.2018.11

P. Ballesteros and M. , Ser, estar y verbos de cambio, 1988.

. R-core-team, R: A language and environment for statistical computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2015.

M. S. Schmid and B. Köpke, The relevance of first language attrition to theories of bilingual development. Epistemological keynote paper with commentaries. Linguistic Approaches to, Bilingualism, vol.7, issue.6, pp.637-667, 2017.

C. Schmitt, Ser and estar: a matter of aspect, Proceedings, vol.22, pp.411-426, 1992.

A. &. Sorace, . Serratrice, and . Ludovica, Internal and external interfaces in bilingual language development: Beyond structural overlap, International Journal of Bilingualism, vol.13, pp.195-210, 2009.

C. &. Soares and F. Grosjean, Bilinguals in a monolingual and a bilingual speech mode: The effect on lexical access, Memory and Cognition, vol.12, pp.380-386, 1984.

C. Silva-corvalán, Bilingualism and language change: The extension of estar in Los Angeles Spanish, Language, vol.62, pp.587-608, 1986.

C. Silva-corvalán, Language contact and change: Spanish in Los Angeles, 1994.

T. Cacoullos and C. Travis, Bilingualism in the community. Codeswitching and grammars in contact, 2018.

A. Vaño-cerdá, Ser y estar + adjetivos. Un estudio diacrónico y sincrónico, 1982.

, International Journal of Bilingualism