Los debates públicos para sustituir el calificativo ‘inválido’ (Argentina y España, de 1930 a 1970)

Gildas Bregain (1)

1 ARENES - Arènes: politique, santé publique, environnement, médias

This article tries to clarify the dynamic of semantic and conceptual transformations on disability that could be observed in Argentina and Spain, between the 30's and the 70's. As a result of World War I, a practice of professional rehabilitation of war mutilated and injured workers is being developed in several countries, which extend progressively to other many countries. Then, the disabled person can no longer be considered as a non productive human. This new reality brings the doctors to question the criteria that define disability and to reframe the suitability of the "invalid" denomination, which does no longer seem appropriate. Therefore, it's pertinent to analyze how the doctors and other representative of the disabled identify this group in front of the Argentinian and Spanish societies. In each country, these representatives appropriate some british or french identifications of disability, and they try to adapt them to the spanishspeaking world, or they refuse to adapt them. Looking for another identification which can replace the term "invalids", the argentinian doctors prefer to use the identification "lisiado" since the beginning of the 1940's, whereas in the francoist Spain, the term "inválido" continue to be used in the speeches of the spanish doctors until the middle of the 1960's. For this work, we use the speeches of the doctors and associatives' sources.

Mots clés: Invalids; Doctors; Identification; Disability; Spanish language

Domaines: Histoire

Gildas Bregain. Los debates públicos para sustituir el calificativo ‘inválido’ (Argentina y España, de 1930 a 1970). Silvia Carraro. ALTER-HABILITAS Percezione della disabilità nei popoli Perception of Disability among People, Alteritas, pp.65-87, 2018, 978-88-907900-6-5. ⟨halshs-01862336⟩