, New Englishes as well as for several of the so-called Inner Circle Englishes Before proceeding further, note that I will not consider cases such as the development of excrescent final -t in a set of English prepositions and adverbs originally formed by means of the genitive -s, such as against, amidst, amongst, etc. Neither will I consider the few other sporadic examples of " the addition of nonetymological <-t> " in the history of English cited by Minkova (2014:150), such as behest, hoist and tuft, which do not form any kind of coherent group at all. According to the OED online (2014), the likely source of the excrescent final -t in against was its frequent collocation with a subsequent te, variant of the, perhaps reinforced by association with superlatives in -st. Unlike the word-final post-coronal t and s epenthesis in BE, this excrescent final -t in the history
, 142) provides an isolated example of a word-final epenthetic [t], viz. cinnamon[t], in Miskito Coast Creole English spoken in Central America and considers it to be hypercorrection. No information is provided on the productivity of the epenthesis. A productive word-final consonant epenthesis has been reported for a number of New Englishes in Southeast Asia, such as Singapore English, Setter & Deterding 2003), and Brunei English (Deterding & Sharbawi 2013: 29). For, 1988.
, 2013: 29) concede that " it is hard to be certain what the origin of this extra [t] is " , but hypothesize that " it may be a spurious -ed suffix " . Setter & Deterding's (2003) description of the word-final consonant epenthesis in Singapore English (SE) and Hong Kong English (HE) provides the largest number of examples and suggests that the epenthesis is productive. The epenthetic consonants involved are mostly [t] and in a few cases [s]. 16 The consonants after which an epenthetic [t] appears in the examples are coronals, and in one case, p.10, 2013.
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