Space-time design for chrono-urbanism in Smart City
Résumé
Malleable cities take into ac-count the constant evolution of their uses on multiple scales, particularly when considering the possibility of creating a sustainable city in which the consumption of space is minimized and the intensity of urban interactions is maximized. The mallaeable city is a place in which spatial optimization is occurs by way of polyvalence, modularity and the alternating use of public space and buildings of different temporal scales (sometimes a matter of years, sometimes, seasons, sometimes days), and spatial scales (from dense housing schemes to neighbourhoods and streets). Malleable cities necessitate the development of a certain number of devices: urban furnishings which are adaptable, modular, and convertible; signage that functions in real-time and which is able to be changed as time goes by; new designs; and most importantly, co-operative forms of planning at each step. It is not a 24-hour city, not a ruptured or fractured city, but a city that that functions in a collectively intelligent manner – one in which there is room for experimentation in addition to the ability to make mistakes and turn back. It is necessary to rethink the relationship between the city and its users in terms of times and spaces, moving from the event to the ordinary, from the exceptional to the daily (in other words, the “urban quotidian”. The exact definition of a a “time-based urbanism” would be “the ensemble of plans, schedules and agendas that coherently act upon space and time, enabling the optimal organization of technical, social and aesthetic functions in the city, in an attempt to create a more human, more accessible, welcoming city”. Likewise, it is worth thinking about a “temporary urbanism”, that would focus on the partial modes of occupation of space and time in the city and to the agendas that would provide for the co-ordination of activities.