C. Glosses and . Connector-ipfv-imperfective-n, noun -PI personal index -PFV perfective - PR pronoun -PTCL participle -SUF suffix, suffixed -V verb REFERENCES FERGUSON, Charles, 1970. The role of Arabic in Ethiopia: A sociolinguisitc perspective, Bilinguism and Language Contact, pp.355-372

K. Mohamed and . Souad, Le parler hakmi de Djibouti, arabe vernaculaire de la capitale. Thèsed'université, 2012.

C. Miller, Lingua franca, Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, pp.58-64, 2006.