Format du dépôt |
Fichier |
Type de dépôt |
Article dans une revue |
Résumé |
en
At the end of the first century BC, Ephesus became the Roman capital of Asia Minor and the most important commercial, religious, and cultural center of the region. In order to evaluate the status of anthropogenic fluxes in the port of Ephesus, a 12 m long sediment core drilled in the Roman basin was investigated to shed light on the paleo-environmental evolution of the harbor using grain size distri-bution analysis, 14 C ages, major and trace element geochemistry, and Pb isotope compositions. With the help of complementary sedimentological data and Principal Component Analysis, five distinct units were identified which, together, reflect the different stages of water history in the harbor. Among the major disruptive events affecting the port were earthquakes and military events, both of which were partic-ularly effective at destroying the water distribution system. Seasonal floods of the Cayster River (Küçük Menderes) were the major source of the silt that progres-sively infilled the harbor. Silting in was further enhanced by the westward migration of the river mouth. A single major disruptive event located at 550 cm core depth and heralding the development of anoxia in the harbor marks the end of the dynamic regime that otherwise controlled the harbor water throughout the Roman Empire period. This remarkable event may correspond to a major disruption of the aqueduct system or to a brutal avulsion of the Cayster River bed. It clearly represents a major disturbance in the history of life at Ephesus. It is poorly dated, but probably occurred during the reign of Augustus or shortly after. Lead isotope and trace metal evidence suggest that in the four bottom units pollution was subdued with respect to other Pb metal inputs, presumably those from aqueducts and natural karstic springs. Near the top of the core, which coincides with harbor abandonment and the more recent period, anthropogenic Pb contam-ination is clearly visible in both Pb abundances and isotopic compositions.
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Titre |
en
Demise of a harbor: a geochemical chronicle from Ephesus
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Auteur(s)
|
Hugo Delile
1, 2
, Janne Blichert-Toft
1
, Jean-Philippe Goiran
3
, Friederike Stock
4
, Florent Arnaud-Godet
1
, Jean-Paul Bravard
2
, Helmut Brückner
4
, Francis Albarède
1
1
LGL-TPE -
Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement
( 153787 )
- Université Claude Bernard, Lyon1 - Campus de la Doua, bâtiment Géode - 2, rue Raphaël Dubois - 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex
École Normale Supérieure de Lyon - 46, Allée d'Italie - 69364 Lyon cedex 07
Université Jean Monnet - Faculté des Sciences et Techniques - 23 rue du Dr Paul Michalon - 42023 Saint Étienne Cedex 02
UMR CNRS 5276
- France
-
École normale supérieure de Lyon ( 6818 )
;
-
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( 194495 )
;
-
Université de Lyon ( 301088 )
;
-
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers UMR5276 ( 300045 )
;
-
Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne ( 300284 )
;
-
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5276 ( 441569 )
2
EVS -
Environnement, Ville, Société
( 145345 )
- 18 Rue Chevreul
69362 LYON CEDEX 07
UMR 5600
- France
-
École normale supérieure de Lyon UMR5600 ( 6818 )
;
-
École des Mines de Saint-Étienne UMR5600 ( 29212 )
;
-
Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] ( 302102 )
;
-
Université Lumière - Lyon 2 UMR5600 ( 33804 )
;
-
Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 UMR5600 ( 118744 )
;
-
Université de Lyon ( 301088 )
;
-
Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( 219748 )
;
-
Université de Lyon ( 301088 )
;
-
Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( 301232 )
;
-
Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne UMR5600 ( 300284 )
;
-
École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État UMR5600 ( 300365 )
;
-
École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon ( 411390 )
;
-
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5600 ( 441569 )
3
Archéorient -
ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien
( 619 )
- Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée Jean-Pouilloux 7 rue Raulin 69365 LYON Cedex 07
- France
-
Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( 33804 )
;
-
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5133 ( 441569 )
4
University of Cologne
( 93583 )
- University of Cologne, Germany
- France
-
University of Cologne ( 465309 )
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Date de publication |
2015
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Volume |
53
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Page/Identifiant |
202-213
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Langue du document |
Anglais
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Nom de la revue |
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Domaine(s) |
-
Sciences de l'Homme et Société/Archéologie et Préhistoire
-
Sciences de l'Homme et Société/Géographie
-
Sciences de l'Homme et Société/Méthodes et statistiques
-
Sciences de l'Homme et Société/Etudes de l'environnement
-
Planète et Univers [physics]/Sciences de la Terre/Géochimie
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Mots-clés |
en
Geochemistry, Harbor geoarcheology, Pb isotopes, Roman age, Paleo-pollution, Küçük Menderes, Ephesus
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DOI |
10.1016/j.jas.2014.10.002 |