G. Ahuja, G. Soda, and A. Zaheer, The Genesis and Dynamics of Organizational Networks, Organization Science, vol.23, issue.2, pp.434-448, 2012.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1110.0695

C. Autant-bernard, Social distance versus spatial distance in R&D cooperation: Empirical evidence from European collaboration choices in micro and nanotechnologies, Papers in Regional Science, vol.34, issue.3, pp.495-519, 2007.
DOI : 10.2307/2393988
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ujm-00176420

C. Autant-bernard, Spatial Econometrics of Innovation: Recent Contributions and Research Perspectives, Spatial Economic Analysis, vol.7, issue.4, pp.405-421, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00605056

P. Balland, Proximity and the Evolution of Collaboration Networks: Evidence from Research and Development Projects within the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Industry, Regional Studies, vol.4, issue.6, 2012.
DOI : 10.1080/00343400601108424

A. Barabási and R. Albert, Emergence of Scaling in Random Networks, Science, vol.286, issue.5439, pp.509-512, 1999.

R. Boschma, Proximity and Innovation: A Critical Assessment, Regional Studies, vol.39, issue.1, pp.61-74, 2005.
DOI : 10.1080/0034340052000320887

Y. Bramoullé and B. Fortin, The Econometrics of Social Networks, Centre Interuniversitaire sur la Risque, les Politiques Économiques et l'Emploi Working Papers 09-13. Available at: http://www.cirpee.org/fileadmin, pp.9-13, 2009.

S. Breschi and C. Lenzi, Net and the city Co?invention networks and the inventive productivity of US cities, mimeo, 2011.

N. Carayol and P. Roux, The Strategic Formation of Inter-Individual Collaboration Networks. Evidence from Co-Invention Patterns, Annales d'Economie et de Statistiques, pp.275-301, 2007.
DOI : 10.2307/27650051
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00390694

J. Crespo, R. Suire, and J. Vicente, Lock-in or lock-out? How structural properties of knowledge networks affect regional resilience, Journal of Economic Geography, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00815895

S. Cranmer and B. Desmarais, Inferential Network Analysis with Exponential Random Graph Models, Political Analysis, vol.90, issue.01, pp.66-86, 2011.
DOI : 10.1177/0002716204272590

G. Daraganova, Networks and geography: Modelling community network structures as the outcome of both spatial and network processes, Social Networks, vol.34, issue.1, pp.6-17, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.socnet.2010.12.001

P. Erdös and A. Renyi, On random graphs, I. Publicationes Mathematicae Debrecen, vol.6, pp.290-297, 1959.

M. Feldman, An Examination of the Geography of Innovation, Industrial and Corporate Change, vol.2, issue.3, 1993.

M. Feldman and F. R. , The Geographic Sources of Innovation: Technological Infrastructure and Product Innovation in the United States, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol.59, issue.2, pp.210-229, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0048-7333(91)90094-7

D. Frachisse, L'analyse des réseaux sociaux appliquée aux PCRDT: Enjeux méthodologiques et outils pour l'évaluation. Dissertation, 2010.

O. Frank and D. Strauss, Markov Graphs, Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol.75, issue.395, pp.832-842, 1986.
DOI : 10.1080/01621459.1986.10478342

B. Gay and B. Dousset, Innovation and network structural dynamics: Study of the alliance network of a major sector of the biotechnology industry, Research Policy, vol.34, issue.10, pp.1457-1475, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.respol.2005.07.001

A. Geuna, Determinants of university participation in EU-funded R&D cooperative projects, Research Policy, vol.26, issue.6, pp.677-687, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0048-7333(97)00050-4

S. Goyal, M. Van-der-leij, and J. Moraga?gonzález, Economics: An Emerging Small World, Journal of Political Economy, vol.114, issue.2, pp.403-412, 2006.
DOI : 10.1086/500990

M. Granovetter, Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness, American Journal of Sociology, vol.91, issue.3, pp.481-510, 1985.
DOI : 10.1086/228311

S. Hanneke, W. Fu, and E. Xing, Discrete temporal models of social networks, Electronic Journal of Statistics, vol.4, issue.0, pp.585-605, 2010.
DOI : 10.1214/09-EJS548

J. Hoekman, K. Frenken, and F. Van-oort, The geography of collaborative knowledge production in Europe, The Annals of Regional Science, vol.52, issue.3, pp.721-738, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s00168-008-0252-9

J. Hoekman, K. Frenken, and R. Tijsen, Research collaboration at a distance: Changing spatial patterns of scientific collaboration within Europe, Research Policy, vol.39, issue.5, pp.662-673, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.respol.2010.01.012

M. Jackson and A. Wolinsky, A Strategic Model of Social and Economic Networks, Journal of Economic Theory, vol.71, issue.1, pp.44-74, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/jeth.1996.0108

C. Johnson and R. Gilles, Spatial social networks, Review of Economic Design, vol.5, issue.3, pp.273-299, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/PL00013690

P. Krivitsky, Exponential-family random graph models for valued networks, Electronic Journal of Statistics, vol.6, issue.0, pp.1100-1128, 2012.
DOI : 10.1214/12-EJS696

P. Krivitsky and M. Handcock, A Separable Model for Dynamic Networks. arXiv:1011, 2010.

M. Maggioni, M. Nosvelli, and T. Uberti, Space Vs. Networks in the Geography of Innovation: A European Analysis, SSRN Electronic Journal, vol.86, pp.471-493, 2007.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.952937

J. Mairesse and L. Turner, Measurement and Explanation of the Intensity of Co-publication in Scientific Research: An analysis at the Laboratoy Level, 2005.

N. Massard and C. Mehier, Proximity and Innovation through an ???Accessibility to Knowledge??? Lens, Regional Studies, vol.12, issue.1, 2009.
DOI : 10.1080/00343400701808881
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00516183

M. Newman, Clustering and preferential attachment in growing networks, Physical Review E, vol.64, issue.2, 2001.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.025102

K. Nowicki and T. Snijders, Estimation and Prediction for Stochastic Blockstructures, Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol.96, issue.455, pp.1077-1087, 2001.
DOI : 10.1198/016214501753208735

M. Paier and T. Scherngell, Determinants of Collaboration in European R&D Networks: Empirical Evidence from a Binary Choice Model Perspective, SSRN Electronic Journal, 2008.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1120081

J. Park and M. Newman, Statistical mechanics of networks, Physical Review E, vol.70, issue.6, 2004.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.066117

P. Pattison and G. Robins, 9. Neighborhood-Based Models for Social Networks, Sociological Methodology, vol.56, issue.1, pp.301-337, 2002.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-9531.00119
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00010560

M. Polanyi, The Tacit Dimension, 1966.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-7506-9718-7.50010-X

R. Ponds, F. Van-oort, and K. Frenken, The geographical and institutional proximity of research collaboration, Papers in Regional Science, vol.46, issue.3, pp.423-443, 2007.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1014208219788

W. Powell, K. Koput, and L. Smith-doerr, Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.41, issue.1, pp.116-145, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/2393988

W. Powell, Network Dynamics and Field Evolution: The Growth of Interorganizational Collaboration in the Life Sciences, American Journal of Sociology, vol.110, issue.4, pp.1132-1205, 2005.
DOI : 10.1086/421508

G. Robins, An introduction to exponential random graph (p*) models for social networks, Social Networks, vol.29, issue.2, pp.173-191, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.socnet.2006.08.002

T. Scherngell and M. Barber, Spatial interaction modelling of cross-region R&D collaborations: empirical evidence from the 5th EU framework programme, Papers in Regional Science, vol.83, issue.3, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1435-5957.2008.00215.x

T. Scherngell and R. Lata, Towards an integrated European Research Area? Findings from Eigenvector spatially filtered spatial interaction models using European Framework Programme data*, Papers in Regional Science, vol.45, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1435-5957.2012.00419.x

T. Snijders, Introduction to stochastic actor-based models for network dynamics, Social Networks, vol.32, issue.1, pp.44-60, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.socnet.2009.02.004

C. Steglich, 8. Dynamic Networks and Behavior: Separating Selection from Influence, Sociological Methodology, vol.5, issue.2, pp.329-393, 2010.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.415
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00602840

T. Wal and A. , The dynamics of the inventor network in German biotechnology: geographical proximity versus triadic closure, Journal of Economic Geography, 2013.

S. Vinciguerra, K. Frenken, and M. Valente, The Geography of Internet Infrastructure: An Evolutionary Simulation Approach Based on Preferential Attachment. Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography 10, 2010.

S. Wasserman and P. Pattison, Logit models and logistic regressions for social networks: I. An introduction to Markov graphs andp, Psychometrika, vol.39, issue.3, pp.401-425, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02294547