T. H. Chiles and J. F. Mcmackin, Intgrating variable risk preferences, trust, and transaction cost economics, The Academy of Management Review, vol.21, issue.1, pp.73-99, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/258630

A. Giddens, Consequences of modernity, 1990.

H. Godinet, Virtual and distant actors on a digital campus, Proceedings of the 7 th IFIP World Conference on Computer in Education " ICT and the teacher of the future, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/978-0-387-35701-0_25

H. Godinet, Scenario for Collaborative Learning in a digital campus : what works ? Proceedings of the 8 th IFIP World Conference on Computer in Education " 40 Years of Computers in Education: What Works?, 2005.

A. B. Hollingshead, Perceptions of Expertise and Transactive Memory in Work Relationships, Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, pp.257-267, 2000.
DOI : 10.1177/1368430200033002

A. B. Hollingshead, Cognitive interdependence and convergent expectations in transactive memory., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.81, issue.6, pp.1080-1089, 2001.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.81.6.1080

P. Kanawattanachai and Y. Yoo, Dynamic nature of trust in virtual teams, The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, vol.11, issue.3-4, pp.187-213, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0963-8687(02)00019-7

R. Klimoski and S. Mohammed, Team Mental Model: Construct or Metaphor?, Journal of Management, vol.10, issue.3, pp.403-437, 1994.
DOI : 10.1177/014920639402000206

S. W. Kozlowski and D. R. Ilgen, Enhancing the Effectiveness of Work Groups and Teams, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, vol.89, issue.5, pp.77-124, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-5044-9_12

J. Lave and E. Wenger, Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation, 1991.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511815355

P. Levy, L'intelligence collective. Pour une anthropologie du cyberspace, 1994.

P. Levy, La valeur ajoutée de l'intelligence collective Site de référence http, Cycle de Conférences ENS Lyon, 2006.

K. Lewis, Measuring transactive memory systems in the field: Scale development and validation., Journal of Applied Psychology, vol.88, issue.4, pp.587-604, 2003.
DOI : 10.1037/0021-9010.88.4.587

G. E. Littlepage, A. B. Hollingshead, L. R. Dreak, and A. M. Littlepage, Transactive memory and performance in work groups: Specificity, communication, ability differences, and work allocation., Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, vol.12, issue.3, pp.223-241, 2008.
DOI : 10.1037/1089-2699.12.3.223

J. Mathieu, G. Goodwin, T. Hefner, E. Salas, and J. Cannon-bowers, The influence of shared mental models on team process and performance., Journal of Applied Psychology, vol.85, issue.2, pp.273-283, 2000.
DOI : 10.1037/0021-9010.85.2.273

N. Michinov and E. Michinov, La mémoire transactive dans les groupes d'apprenants. Le rôle de la spécialisation sur l'amélioration des performances, Communication orale présentée au 6ème Congrès International de Psychologie Sociale en Langue Française ? GRENOBLE, du 30 août au 2 septembre, 2006.

N. Michinov and E. Michinov, Investigating the relationship between transactive memory and performance in collaborative learning, Learning and Instruction, vol.19, issue.1, pp.43-54, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2008.01.003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00624371

S. Mohammed and B. C. Dumville, Team mental models in a team knowledge framework: expanding theory and measurement across disciplinary boundaries, Journal of Organizational Behavior, vol.61, issue.2, pp.89-106, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/job.86

R. L. Moreland, Transactive memory learning who knows what in work groups and organizations Sharing knowledge in organizations: The management of knowledge, NJ), pp.3-31, 1999.

N. Panteli and E. Duncan, Trust and temporary virtual teams: alternative explanations and dramaturgical relationships, Information Technology & People, vol.17, issue.4, pp.423-441, 2004.
DOI : 10.1108/09593840410570276

V. Peltokorpi, Transactive memory systems., Review of General Psychology, vol.12, issue.4, pp.378-394, 2008.
DOI : 10.1037/1089-2680.12.4.378

V. Peltokorpi and M. Manka, Antecedents and the Performance Outcome of Transactive Memory in Daycare Work Groups, European Psychologist, vol.13, issue.2, pp.103-113, 2008.
DOI : 10.1027/1016-9040.13.2.103

M. Sako, The role of trust in japanese buyer-supplier relationships, Ricerche Economiche, vol.155, issue.2-3, pp.375-399, 1991.

J. B. Walther and U. Bunz, The Rules of Virtual Groups: Trust, Liking, and Performance in Computer-Mediated Communication, Journal of Communication, vol.28, issue.3, pp.828-846, 2005.
DOI : 10.1037/0021-9010.84.4.632

Y. Wang and H. Emurian, An overview of online trust: Concepts, elements, and implications, Computers in Human Behavior, vol.21, issue.1, pp.105-125, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.chb.2003.11.008

D. M. Wegner, Transactive Memory: A Contemporary Analysis of the Group Mind, Theories of group behavior, pp.185-205, 1986.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-4634-3_9

E. Wenger, Communities of practice: learning, meaning and identity, 1998.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511803932

M. L. Young and F. C. Tseng, Interplay between Physical and Virtual Settings for Online Interpersonal Trust Formation in Knowledge-Sharing Practice, CyberPsychology & Behavior, vol.11, issue.1, pp.55-64, 2008.
DOI : 10.1089/cpb.2007.0019

L. Zucker, Production of trust : Institutional sources of economic structure : 1840-1920, Research in organizational behavior, pp.53-111, 1986.