P. Aghion, M. Dewatripont, and J. C. Stein, Academic freedom, private-sector focus, and the process of innovation, The RAND Journal of Economics, vol.39, issue.3, pp.617-635, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1756-2171.2008.00031.x

J. D. Adams, Fundamental Stocks of Knowledge and Productivity Growth, Journal of Political Economy, vol.98, issue.4, pp.673-702, 1990.
DOI : 10.1086/261702

Z. J. Acs, D. B. Audretsch, and M. P. Feldman, R & D Spillovers and Recipient Firm Size, The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.76, issue.2, pp.336-340, 1994.
DOI : 10.2307/2109888

D. B. Audretsch, E. E. Lehmann, and S. Warning, University spillovers and new firm location, Research Policy, vol.34, issue.7, pp.1113-1122, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.respol.2005.05.009

URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.199.3011

B. Navaretti, G. , P. S. Dasgupta, K. G. Mäler, and D. Siniscalco, Production and Transmission of Knowledge : Institution and Economic Incentives : An Introduction" in Creation and transfer of Knowledge : institutions and Incentives edited by, 1996.

C. Carraro and D. Siniscalco, Science versus Profit in Research, Journal of the European Economic Association, vol.1, issue.2-3, pp.576-590, 2003.
DOI : 10.1162/154247603322391215

W. M. Cohen, R. Nelson, and J. P. Walsh, Links and Impacts : The In ?uence of Public Research on Industrial R&D, Man. Science, vol.40, issue.1, pp.1-23, 2002.

F. Cornelli and M. Schankerman, Patent Renewals and R&D Incentives, The RAND Journal of Economics, vol.30, issue.2, pp.197-213, 1999.
DOI : 10.2307/2556077

P. S. Dasgupta and P. A. David, Information disclosure and the Economics of Science and Technology" in Arrow and the Accent of Modern Economic Theory, 1987.

E. Dockner, S. Jorgensen, G. Van-long, and . Sorger, Di¤erential Games in Economics and Management Science, 2006.

D. Encaoua, D. Guellec, and C. Martinez, Patent systems for encouraging innovation: Lessons from economic analysis, Research Policy, vol.35, issue.9, pp.1423-1440, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.respol.2006.07.004

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00177614

R. Gilbert and C. Shapiro, Optimal Patent Length and Breadth, The RAND Journal of Economics, vol.21, issue.1, pp.106-112, 1990.
DOI : 10.2307/2555497

M. A. Heller and R. Eisenberg, Can Patents Deter Innovation? The Anticommons in Biomedical Research, Science, vol.280, issue.5364, pp.698-701, 1998.
DOI : 10.1126/science.280.5364.698

C. Hess and E. Ostrom, Ideas, Artefacts anf Facilities : Information as a Common-Pool Resource, pp.111-156, 2003.

C. Hess and E. Ostrom, Understanding Knowledge as a Common : from Theory to Practice, 2007.

A. B. Ja¤e, Real E¤ects of Academic Research, Amer. Econom. Rev, vol.79, issue.5, pp.957-970, 1989.

P. Klemperer, How Broad Should the Scope of Patent Protection Be?, The RAND Journal of Economics, vol.21, issue.1, pp.113-130
DOI : 10.2307/2555498

A. K. Klevorick, R. Levin, R. R. Nelson, and S. Winter, On the Source and Signi?cance of Interindustry Di¤erences in Technological Opportunities, Res. Policy, vol.24, issue.2, pp.195-205, 1995.

A. L. Link and J. Rees, Firm size, university based research, and the returns to R&D, Small Business Economics, vol.88, issue.4, pp.25-31, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00389891

F. K. Narin, S. Hamilton, and D. Olivastro, The increasing linkage between U.S. technology and public science, Research Policy, vol.26, issue.3, pp.317-330, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0048-7333(97)00013-9

S. Scotchmer, On the Optimality of the Patent Renewal System, The RAND Journal of Economics, vol.30, issue.2, pp.181-196, 1999.
DOI : 10.2307/2556076

J. Thursby, A. W. Fuller, and M. Thursby, US faculty patenting: Inside and outside the university, Research Policy, vol.38, issue.1, pp.14-25, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.respol.2008.09.004