Y. Ding, S. Wooding, H. C. Harpending, H. Chi, H. Li et al., Population structure and history in East Asia, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, pp.14003-14009, 2000.
DOI : 10.1086/302133

I. Dupanloup-de-ceuninck, S. Schneider, A. Langaney, and L. Excoffier, Inferring the impact of linguistic boundaries on population differentiation: application to the Afro-Asiatic???Indo-European case, European Journal of Human Genetics, vol.8, issue.10, pp.750-756, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200519

M. J. Hashimoto, The Altaicization of Northern Chinese, Contributions to Sino-Tibetan Studies, 1986.

T. Karafet, L. Xu, R. Du, W. Wang, S. Feng et al., Paternal Population History of East Asia: Sources, Patterns, and Microevolutionary Processes, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.69, issue.3, pp.615-643, 2001.
DOI : 10.1086/323299

Y. Ke, B. Su, X. Song, D. Lu, L. Chen et al., African origin of modern humans in East Asia: a tale of 12, Science, vol.292, pp.0-1151, 2001.

M. M. Lahr and R. Foley, Multiple dispersals and modern human origins, Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews, vol.368, issue.Suppl, pp.48-60, 1994.
DOI : 10.1002/evan.1360030206

M. M. Lahr and R. Foley, Towards a theory of modern human origins: geography, demography and diversity in recent human evolution, Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, vol.41, pp.137-76, 1998.

H. Oota, N. Saitou, T. Matsushita, and S. Ueda, Molecular Genetic Analysis of Remains of a 2,000-Year-Old Human Population in China???and Its Relevance for the Origin of the Modern Japanese Population, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.64, issue.1, pp.250-258, 1999.
DOI : 10.1086/302197

H. Oota, W. Settheetham-ishida, D. Tiwawech, T. Ishida, and M. Stoneking, Human mtDNA and Y-chromosome variation is correlated with matrilocal versus patrilocal residence, Nature Genetics, vol.29, issue.1, pp.20-21, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/ng711

H. Oota, K. Kurosaki, S. Pookajorn, T. Ishida, and S. Ueda, Genetic Study of the Paleolithic and Neolithic Southeast Asians, Human Biology, vol.73, issue.2, pp.225-256, 2001.
DOI : 10.1353/hub.2001.0023

H. Oota, T. Kitano, F. Jin, I. Yuasa, L. Wang et al., Extreme mtDNA homogeneity in continental Asian populations, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol.98, issue.2, pp.146-53, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/ajpa.10056
URL : http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0010-0765-D

I. Peiros, Comparative Linguistics in Southeast Asia, 1998.

E. S. Poloni, O. Semino, G. Passarino, A. S. Santachiara-benerecetti, I. Dupanloup et al., Human Genetic Affinities for Y-Chromosome P49a,f/TaqI Haplotypes Show Strong Correspondence with Linguistics, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.61, issue.5, pp.1015-1050, 1997.
DOI : 10.1086/301602
URL : http://doi.org/10.1086/301602

C. Renfrew, The Origins of Indo-European Languages, Scientific American, vol.261, issue.4, pp.82-90, 1989.
DOI : 10.1038/scientificamerican1089-106

J. Reynolds, B. S. Weir, and C. C. Cockerham, Estimation of the coancestry coefficient: basis for a short-term genetic distance, Genetics, vol.105, pp.767-79, 1983.

F. J. Rohlf, NTSYSpc: numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, 1998.

M. Ruhlen, A Guide to the World's Languages, 1987.

L. Sagart, Proto-Austronesian and Old Chinese: evidence for Sino- Austronesian', Oceanic Linguistics, pp.271-308, 1994.
DOI : 10.2307/3623130

A. Sanchez-mazas, Polymorphisme des systèmes immunologiques Rhésus, 1990.

S. Schneider, D. Roessli, and L. Excoffier, Arlequin ver 2.000: a software for population genetics data analysis, 2000.

M. T. Seielstad, E. Minch, and L. L. Cavalli-sforza, Genetic evidence for a higher female migration rate in humans, Nature Genetics, vol.20, issue.3, pp.278-80, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/3088

R. R. Sokal and N. L. Oden, A simulation study of microevolutionary inferences by spatial autocorrelation analysis, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol.60, issue.1, pp.73-93, 1978.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1997.tb01484.x

R. R. Sokal, N. L. Oden, and B. A. Thomson, Origins of the Indo-Europeans: genetic evidence., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, pp.7669-73, 1992.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.89.16.7669

S. Starostin, On the Hypothesis of a genetic connection between the Sino-Tibetan languages and the Yeniseian and North-Caucasian languages', translation and introduction by William H, Baxter III, 1984.

A. G. Steinberg and C. E. Cook, The distribution of the human immunoglobulin allotypes, 1981.

B. Su, J. Xiao, P. Underhill, R. Deka, W. Zhang et al., Y-Chromosome Evidence for a Northward Migration of Modern Humans into Eastern Asia during the Last Ice Age, Chromosome evidence for a northward migration of modern humans into Eastern Asia during the last Ice Age, pp.1718-1742, 1999.
DOI : 10.1086/302680

B. Su, C. Xiao, R. Deka, M. T. Seielstad, D. Kangwanpong et al., Y chromosome haplotypes reveal prehistorical migrations to the Himalayas, Human Genetics, vol.6, issue.6, pp.582-90, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/s004390000406

P. A. Underhill, G. Passarino, A. A. Lin, P. Shen, M. Lahr et al., The phylogeography of Y chromosome binary haplotypes and the origins of modern human populations, Annals of Human Genetics, vol.65, issue.1, pp.43-62, 2001.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1469-1809.2001.6510043.x

L. Wang, H. Oota, N. Saitou, F. Jin, T. Matsushita et al., Genetic Structure of a 2,500-Year-Old Human Population in China and Its Spatiotemporal Changes, Molecular Biology and Evolution, vol.17, issue.9, pp.1396-400, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026422

R. S. Wells, N. Yuldasheva, R. Ruzibakiev, P. A. Underhill, I. Evseeva et al., The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, pp.10244-10253, 2001.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.171305898

Y. Yao, Q. Kong, H. Bandelt, T. Kivisild, and Y. Zhang, Phylogeographic Differentiation of Mitochondrial DNA in Han Chinese, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.70, issue.3, pp.635-51, 2002.
DOI : 10.1086/338999

Y. Yao, L. Nie, H. Harpending, Y. Fu, Z. Yuan et al., Genetic relationship of Chinese ethnic populations revealed by mtDNA sequence diversity, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol.182, issue.1, pp.63-76, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/ajpa.10052

. For and . Su, has also been observed in some northern samples (Sino-Tibetan and Altaic), Karafet et al, 1999.