B. D. Et and P. , « Is yardstick competition desirable for western European railways?, International Journal of Transport Economics, vol.28, issue.2, pp.205-227, 2001.

C. L. Jorgenson-d and L. L. , Transcendental Logarithmic Production Frontiers, review of Economics and Statistics, vol.55, pp.28-45, 1973.

D. Borger, B. , and K. K. , The Performance of Bus-Transit Operators, Handbook of Transport Modelling, pp.577-595, 2000.
DOI : 10.1108/9780857245670-036

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00287315

D. Borger, B. , K. K. , and C. A. , Public transit performance: What does one learn from frontier studies?, Transport Reviews, vol.30, issue.1, pp.1-38, 2002.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1004906024774

J. K. Larsen-o and N. B. , Toward achievement of both Allocative Efficiency and X-Efficiency in Public Transport, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, vol.35, issue.3, pp.491-511, 2001.

O. T. Waters, I. W. , and Y. C. , A Survey of Productivity and Efficiency Measurement in Rail Transport, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, vol.33, issue.1, pp.9-42, 1999.